Baradhada (Potatoes) waa dalag muhiim ah oo dunida oo dhan caan ka ah, waana mid ka mid ah dalagyada ugu waxtarka badan ee quudinta bulshada. Beerista baradhada waxay u baahan tahay qorsheyn sax ah oo dhanka dhulka, waraabka, iyo maareynta cudurrada ah si loo gaaro wax-soo-saar tayo leh. Maqaalkan, waxaan ku sharxi doonaa habka loo beero baradhada, sida loo diyaariyo dhulka, waraabka saxda ah, iyo dawooyinka loo isticmaalo daryeelka dalagga.
- Diyaarinta Dhulka:
Baradhadu waxay u baahan tahay dhul si fiican loo diyaariyay si ay si wanaagsan ugu korto una soo saarto tubbooyin caafimaad leh.
Tallaabooyinka Diyaarinta Dhulka: - Nadiifinta Dhulka: Ka saar dhirta qashinka ah iyo haramaha ka hor inta aadan bilaabin beerista.
- Fallaadhinta Dhulka: Dhulka si fiican u falaaadhi si uu u noqdo mid jilicsan oo neefsanaya, taasoo u sahleysa tubbooyinka inay si fiican ugu koraan.
- Bacriminta: Ku dar bacriminta dabiiciga ah sida compost ama digada xoolaha si nafaqada ciidda loo kordhiyo.
- Qaabaynta Safafka: Samee safaf u dhexeeya 60-90 cm oo ah meel ay baradhadu ku korto si ay hawada u hesho una fududaato waraabka.
PH-ga Ciidda:
Baradhada waxay ku fiican tahay ciid leh PH u dhexeeya 5.5 ilaa 7.0. Haddii PH-gu uu hooseeyo, isticmaal lime si loo dheellitiro aashitada ciidda. - Doorashada Abuurka Tayada Leh:
Dooro noocyada baradhada ee ku habboon deegaankaaga iyo suuqa. Abuurka caafimaadka qaba waa aasaaska wax-soo-saarka wanaagsan.
Talooyin Ku Saabsan Abuurka: - Xulo baradho aan lahayn wax calaamado cudur ah ama dhaawac ah.
- Abuurka u kala jar qaybo yaryar (midkiiba leh ugu yaraan hal indhood) si loo kordhiyo wax-soo-saarka.
- Ku daah furaha abuurka meel qalalan oo iftiin yar leh muddo 2-3 maalmood ah ka hor beerista si uu xoog u yeesho.
- Habka Beerista Baradhada:
Waqtiga Beerista:
Baradhada waxaa lagu beeri karaa xilli kasta oo cimiladu dhexdhexaad tahay (heerkulka 15-25°C)
Soomaaliya, beerista waxaa lagu samayn karaa xilliga gu’ga ama dayrta iyadoo la adeegsanayo
waraab sax ah.
Habka Beerista: - Samee godad leh qoto ah 10-15 cm.
- Ku beero abuurka baradhada indhaha kor u jeeda.
- Ku dabool abuurka ciid jilicsan.
- Hubi in meel u dhexeysa 20-30 cm ay u dhaxayso geed kasta.
- Waraabka Baradhada:
Baradhadu waxay u baahan tahay waraab joogto ah, gaar ahaan inta lagu jiro koritaanka bilowga iyo bislaashada tubbooyinka.
Habka Waraabka: - Waraabi geedka hal mar todobaadkii haddii roob jiro.
- Haddii roobku yaraado, isticmaal nidaamka drip irrigation si biyaha si siman loogu gaarsiiyo dalagga.
- Ka ilaali ciidda inay qoyan tahay xad-dhaaf ah maadaama ay sababi karto qudhunka tubbooyinka (tuber rot).
Waqtiyada Muhiimka Ah ee Waraabka:
Inta Ubaxyada Soo Baxaan: Waa xilliga ugu muhiimsan ee baradhadu u baahan tahay biyo badan.
Ka Ilaali Waraabka Xilliga Bislaashada:
Bishii ugu dambeysa ka hor goosashada, yaraanta waraabka waxay sare u qaadaysaa tayada tubbooyinka. - Ka Hortagga Cudurrada iyo Cayayaanka
Cudurrada Caadiga ah ee Baradhada: - Late Blight:
Calaamadaha: Meelo madow oo caleemaha ah oo ka sii faafaya tubbooyinka.
Xalka: Isticmaal fungicides sida Chlorothalonil ama Mancozeb. - Early Blight:
Calaamadaha: Meelo bunni ah oo ka muuqda caleemaha.
Xalka: Adeegso Copper-based fungicides. - Blackleg:
Calaamadaha: Jirridaha oo madow noqda iyo tubbooyinka oo qudhma.
Xalka: Isticmaal abuur caafimaad leh oo ka ilaali ciidda qoyaan xad-dhaaf ah.
Cayayaanka Caadiga ah: - Colorado Potato Beetle: Waxay waxyeelleeyaan caleemaha geedka.
Xalka: Adeegso cayayaan-dilaha sida Spinosad ama neem oil. - Aphids (Dhuudh): Waxay gudbiyaan fayrusyo dalagga waxyeelleeya.
Xalka: Adeegso Imidacloprid ama buufinta dabiiciga ah sida garlic spray. - Goosashada Baradhada:
Baradhadu waxay diyaar u tahay in la goosto 90-120 maalmood kadib beerista, iyadoo ku xiran nooca la beero.
Calaamadaha Bislaashada: - Caleemaha geedka oo qalalaya.
- Tubbooyinka oo helay midab buuxa iyo adkeysi.
Sida Loo Goosto: - Isticmaal qalab jilicsan oo aan dhaawacayn tubbooyinka.
- Ka saar tubbooyinka si tartiib ah, kadibna ku qallaji meel hawo fiican leh si looga hortago qudhunka.
Gunaanad:
Beerista baradhada waxay u baahan tahay qorsheyn sax ah oo ku saabsan diyaarinta dhulka, waraabka joogtada ah, iyo ka hortagga cudurrada. Haddii hababkaas si sax ah loo raaco, baradhadu waxay noqon kartaa dalag faa’iido badan leh oo kaalin muhiim ah ka qaata horumarinta dhaqaalaha iyo quudinta bulshada.
“Baradhada caafimaadka qabta maanta waa dhaqaalaha barwaaqada leh berri.” 🌱